Vascular Surgery is a surgical specialty focused on the diagnosis, management, and treatment of diseases affecting the blood vessels—including arteries, veins, and lymphatic circulation—excluding those of the heart and brain. Vascular surgeons are highly trained to perform both open surgeries and minimally invasive endovascular procedures.
Core Focus Areas
Arteries and veins throughout the body (except coronary and cerebral vessels)
Peripheral vascular disease
Aneurysms and dissections
Vascular trauma and malformations
Dialysis access surgery
Conditions Commonly Treated
Peripheral artery disease (PAD)
Aortic aneurysms (abdominal or thoracic)
Carotid artery disease (stroke prevention)
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and venous insufficiency
Varicose veins and spider veins
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs)
Limb ischemia (reduced blood flow to limbs)
Vascular access for hemodialysis (e.g., AV fistulas)
Diagnostic Tools & Procedures
Vascular ultrasound (Doppler studies)
CT angiography and MR angiography
Conventional angiography
Ankle-brachial index (ABI)
Vein mapping
Common Surgical & Endovascular Procedures
Angioplasty and stenting
Carotid endarterectomy
Aneurysm repair (open or endovascular aneurysm repair—EVAR)
Bypass surgery (femoral-popliteal, aorto-bifemoral)
Thrombectomy and thrombolysis
Endovenous laser therapy (EVLT) for varicose veins
Sclerotherapy and vein stripping
Role in Patient Care
Vascular surgeons manage both chronic and acute vascular conditions, often working alongside cardiologists, interventional radiologists, nephrologists, and wound care specialists. They also emphasize preventive care and long-term vascular health, often treating patients with complex comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension.